Pain patterns
Earaches/Tinnitus (Ringing)/Itch: which trigger points cause it and how to treat them
Earaches/Tinnitus (Ringing)/Itch explained from a myofascial point of view: which muscles refer pain into the area, the order to examine them in, and the findings that point away from trigger points.
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What the pain feels like
Cervical-origin dizziness and somatic tinnitus are diagnoses of exclusion. After ruling out vestibular, neurological and otologic causes, palpation of the SCM, deep masseter and cervical extensors may reproduce dizziness or change tinnitus character, supporting a myofascial contributor.
Muscles to check first
Sternocleidomastoid — Sternal division: forehead, behind the eye, cheek, throat. Clavicular division: forehead across the brow, ear, deep ear pain, and sometimes the molar teeth.
Masseter — Superficial points refer to the upper and lower molars, eyebrow and TMJ. Deep points refer to deep ear pain and the side of the head.
Lateral Pterygoid — Deep TMJ, sinus area and the cheek — strongly implicated in TMJ clicking and locking.
Medial Pterygoid — Tongue, hard palate, lower jaw, ear and TMJ — often felt as deep ear pain with chewing.
How to work through them
Work the muscles in the order above. Treat one muscle fully — locate the taut band, hold sustained pressure until the ache eases, then take the muscle through its full range once — before moving to the next. Re-test the painful movement after each muscle so you can tell which one is actually driving the pattern: the muscles most often responsible here are Sternocleidomastoid, Masseter and Lateral Pterygoid.
If two or three muscles each give partial relief, that is the normal picture in a long-standing pattern; expect to revisit them over several sessions rather than resolving everything in one.
When it is not myofascial
Myofascial referral is a pattern of muscular origin, and it behaves like one: pressure on a specific spot reproduces the familiar pain, the pain moves with load and position, and it eases after release and movement. Findings that do not behave that way belong to a different problem.
Seek assessment rather than self-treating when pain is constant and unchanged by position, wakes you at night without a mechanical trigger, follows a clear dermatome with numbness or weakness, or comes with fever, unexplained weight loss, or a recent significant injury. The same applies when four to six weeks of consistent self-care produces no change at all.
Muscles covered
Symptoms covered
Studies cited
Every claim in this article traces back to one of the sources below.
- Simons & Travell — Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual (2nd ed.). Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore ↗
- Simons 2004 — Review of enigmatic myofascial trigger points as a common cause of enigmatic musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2004;14(1):95-107 ↗
- Shah 2008 — Biochemicals associated with pain and inflammation are elevated in sites near to and remote from active myofascial trigger points. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008;89(1):16-23 ↗
- Cummings 2001 — Needling therapies in the management of myofascial trigger point pain: a systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001;82(7):986-92 ↗

